This Collection is comprised of 109 xerographic copies of letters from black soldiers during World War II. They were used in Dr. Phillip McGuire’s book Taps for a Jim Crow Army, published in 1983.
All of the letters in the Collection came from the civilian aid to the Secretary of War, housed within the records of the assistant Secretary of War at the National Archives located in Washington D.C. Dr. McGuire discovered them shortly after the documents were declassified in 1980. The letters were left in their original form in an attempt to preserve their authenticity and flavor. This will account for the inaccuracies in grammar, spelling, punctuation, capitalization, structure, and style.
These letters are characterized by their bluntness and are outspoken and frank. They were written with the purpose to make the public aware of conditions in the military. The letters were most often addressed to people in high places such as the black press with the hopes that conditions in the military would be made public. Recipients of these letters were urged to see for themselves whether or not their complaints and grievances were just.
Arrangement of the Collection is
chronological. Each letter has been
assigned a number. There is an index
in the paper finding guide. It is arranged alphabetically, word by word. Numerals identifying military divisions
are alphabetized according to their word equivalents. Military divisions with numbers under
ten are listed under their word equivalents, e. g. 2nd Division would
be listed as Second Division. All
military ranks have been abbreviated.
All entry numbers correspond to file numbers.
The Collection was donated to the William Madison Randall Library by Dr. Phillip McGuire, associate of history, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, on October 22, 1987.
This Collection has been designed
Accession Number 51 of the Manuscripts Collection, Special Collections
Department, William Madison Randall Library, University of North Carolina at
Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, North Carolina
28403-3297.
Literary rights to the material in
this Collection are retained by Dr. McGuire.
There are no access restrictions on this collection.
Processed by Lana Donaldson
Taylor
Special Collections Librarian
Manuscripts Collection
William
Madison Randall Library
The University of North Carolina
Wilmington
January 19, 1988
Inventory 051/1/1
Manuscript/Box/File
1941 Apr 13
Unit: Company E, 25th
Infantry
Camp:
Bowie
Location: Texas
Sent to: Pittsburgh Courier Publishing
Co.
From: All the Soldiers of the 2nd
Battalion
Complaint: Discrimination in post facilities and
transportation
051/1/2
1942 Jan 14
Unit: Fourth Aviation
Squadron (SEP)
Camp: Maxwell
Field
Location: Alabama
Sent to: Editor, Pittsburgh
Courier
From: Disgusted Soldiers
Complaint: Leadership
and morale
051/1/3
1942 Apr 30
Unit: Seventh Group of
the Engineer Replacement Training Center
Camp: Fort Leonard
Wood
Sent to: (Dear Sirs)
From: Men of Fort Leonard
Wood
Complaint: Negro breaking technique to keep blacks in a
servile and subordinate position; extra duty vis-a-vis Labor Battalion; no
ratings for Negroes as Master,Technical or Staff Sergeant
051/1/4
1942 May 13
Unit: Company B, 240th Quartermaster
Battalion
Camp: Camp
Livingson
Location: Louisiana
Sent to: William H.
Hastie
From: Private Milton Adams
Complaint: Maltreatment by
white officers because of objections to the use of the word nigger; tried
twice for the same offense; trail allegedly based upon soldier being from
Chicago;post stockade
051/1/5
1942 May 14
Unit: Company B, 240th Quartermaster
Battalion
Camp: Camp Livingston
Location:Louisiana
Sent to:
Pittsburgh Courier
From: Private Claudie L.
Gibson
Complaint: Maltreatment by white southern officers; court-martial
comparable to a lynching party; northern Negro soldiers discriminated against
051/1/6
1942 May 15
Unit: 353rd F.A.T. E
Brty.
Camp: Livingston
Location: Louisiana
Sent to: William
H. Hastie
From: Private Watason Benjan
Complaint: Unfair court
martial by white officers
051/1/7
1942 May 15
Unit: Company H, 25th Infantry
Camp: Fort
Huachuca
Location: Arizona
Sent to: William H.
Hastie
From: Private Robert Franks
Complaint: Maltreatment of
Negro soldiers; kicked around and called nigger
051/1/8
1942 May 16
Unit: 60th/Ord.
Company
Camp: Camp Livingston
Location:
Louisiana
Sent to: Chicago Defender
From:
Private Roy Hermit
Complaint: Northern soldier accused unfairly
of hitting white officer; court-marshaled and given 5 years in stockade with a
dishonorable discharge
051/1/9
1942 May 16
Unit: Company B, 240th Quartermaster
Battalion
Camp: Camp
Livingston
Location: Louisiana
Sent to: William H.
Hastie
From: Private Milton Adams
Complaint: Unfair
court martials; maltreatment in the stockade; tried twice for same offense
051/1/10
1942 May 16
Unit: Company B, 240th Quartermaster
Battalion
Camp: Camp
Livingston
Location: Louisiana
Sent to: Pittsburgh
Courier
From: Private Claudie C. Gibson
Complaint: Use of
racial epithets and abusive language; unfair charge; sentenced to stockade
051/1/11
1942 May
20
Unit: Private Citizen
Camp: Selective Service Board
#5
Location: Houston, Texas
Sent to: William H.
Hastie
From: Aeron D. Belle
Complaint: Selective Service Board
insisting that negroes were not accepted in the Army as V.O. (Volunteer Officer)
Candidates
051/1/12
1942 May 20
Unit: 240th Medical
Detachment
Camp: Camp
Livingston
Location: Louisiana
Sent to: William H.
Hastie
From: Private Robert Hills
Complaint: Unfair treatment at
hospital; put in stockade for sick complaint
051/1/13
1942 May 22
Unit: 353rd F.A. Btry
E
Camp: Camp Livingston
Location: Louisiana
Sent
to: William H. Hastie
From: Private Clyde
Bingham
Complaint: Court-martialled for self-defense; forfeiture of all
pay and dishonorably discharged
051/1/14
1942 Jun 30
Unit: Company I, 469th Quartermaster
Truck Regiment
Camp: Camp Maxey, Texas
Location: Van Buren,
Arkansas
Sent to: Pittsburgh Courier
From: Cpl. Daniell
E. Williams, S/Sgt. Sterle Wilson, Pfc. Jasper Smith
Complaint:
Unusual and abusive military cruelty
051/1/15
1942 Aug 14
Unit: Station
Complement
Camp: Camp Polk
Location: Mobile,
Alabama
Sent to: ??
From: Sgt. Nathaniel
Ester
Complaint: Beaten by 5 white orderlies in station
hospital; called nigger; abusive treatment
051/1/16
1942 Oct 11
Unit: Q.M. 34th Regt. Co.
F
Camp: Jackson Air Base
Location: Jackson,
Mississippi
Sent to: William Hastie
From: A Group of
Soldiers from Jackson Air Base
Complaint: General
discrimination
051/1/17
1942 Oct
28
Unit: 78th/Aviation Squadron
(SEP)
Camp: Randolph Field
Location: Texas
Sent
to: Pittsburgh Courier
From: Private Jus Hill
Complaint: Air
Corps soldiers relegated to service units; ask paper to report conditions to the
NAACP and the President of the U.S.
051/1/18
1942 Nov 10
Unit: 347th Quartermaster Truck
Company
Camp: Fort Ord
Location: California
Sent
to: William H. Hastie
From: Private Rufus R. Johnson, Private Emory A.
James, Jr., Private Jack Housen
Complaint: Menial orders
to Air Corps after passing examination; Army initiated shifting programs
051/1/19
1942 Nov 23
Unit: ?
Camp: (Camp)
Lee
Location: Virginia
Sent to: Carl
Murphy
From: Three Hundred Negro Soldiers
Complaint:
Unusual eating conditions; separated from white soldiers on maneuvers
051/1/20
1942 Dec 21
Unit: Air Corps
Camp:
Maxwell Field
Location: Alabama
Sent to: William H.
Hastie
From: Private Gilbert A. Cargill
Complaint: Denied
admittance in Army InstructorÆs School because of color
051/2/21
1943 Jan 29
Unit: 374th Engineer
Battalion
Camp: Camp Hood
Location: Texas
Sent
to: Eleanor Roosevelt
From: Private Jubie B. Braggs,
Jr.
Complaint: Efforts to become a morale officer to Colored Service
Units; efforts to be utilized commensurate with training; intelligence,
experience and background
051/2/22
1943 Feb 10
Unit: ?
Camp: Camp
Barkley
Location: Texas
Sent to: Editor, Pittsburgh
Courier
From: A Group of Negro
Soldiers
Complaint: Trained men reduced to driving trucks; terrible
recreation facilities; no P.X. facilities
051/2/23
1943 Feb 12
Unit: 24th/Chemical Decon
Company
Camp: Camp Butner
Location: North
Carolina
Sent to: Pittsburgh Courier
From: A
Loyal Soldier
Complaint: Mistreatment in medical practices;
company ordered castor oil be given to all black soldiers
051/2/24
1943 Mar 3
Unit: ?
Camp: Camp
Sibert
Location: Alabama
Sent to: To Whom It May
Concern
From: A Soldier with Sincere Interest in the
USA
Complaint: Racial discrimination; medical complaints
051/2/25
1943 Mar 6
Unit: 41st
Engineers
Camp: Fort Bragg
Location: North
Carolina
Sent to: Carl Murphy
From: An Unknown Soldier of the
Race
Complaint: Southerners maltreatment; garrison prisoners; terrible
housing conditions; unusual detainment
051/2/26
1943 Mar 6
Unit: 364th Engineers Regiment Company
B
Camp:Camp Claiborne
Location: Louisiana
Sent
to: Editor-in-Chief, Pittsburgh Courier
From: The
Privates of the 364th Engineers Regiment
Complaint: Maltreatment; denied
basic privileges; falling out all times of night; put in guardhouse for seeking
information
051/2/27
1943 Mar 10
Unit: Naval
Camp: St. Juliens
Creek
Location: Portsmouth, Virginia
Sent to: Carl
Murphy
From: Disappointed Sailor in the U.S. Navy
Complaint: No
chaplain; low morale and general apathy
051/2/28
1943 Mar 15
Unit: 92nd Division
Camp:
?
Location:?
Sent to: Adam Clayton Powell, Jr.
From:
Sincerely yours
Complaint: Replacement of black with white personnel in
the Regiment Headquarters Detachment; fighting for the supremacy of the white
race; fear of reprisals
051/2/29
1943 Mar 21
Unit: Army Air
Forces
Camp: ?
Location: San Marcos, Texas
Sent
to: Carl Murphy
From: A Negro Soldier
Complaint: No
entertainment facilities; segregated post theatre
051/2/30
1943 Apr 4
Unit: ?
Camp:
?
Location: San Marcos, Texas
Sent to: Carl Murphy
From: A
Negro Soldier
Complaint: Abusive language; racial epithets;
restricted to base because of objections to racial slurs
051/2/31
1943 Apr 19
Unit: Engineer and Quartermaster
Corps
Camp: Fort Clark
Location: Texas
Sent to:
Philadelphia Afro-American
From: A Group of Negro
Soldiers
Complaint: General post discrimination; General DavisÆ
white-washed reports
051/2/32
1942 Apr 23
Unit: Medical Detachment, Division Artillery,
2nd Cavalry Division
Camp: Fort Clark
Location:Texas
Sent
to: Atlanta Daily World
From: A Negro
Soldier
Complaint: General JohnsonÆs referring to Negro soldiers as
niggers; Negro chaplain run-off because of protest
051/2/33
1943 Apr 26
Unit: 938th Quartermaster
Platoon
Camp: Fort Logan
Location: Colorado
Sent to:
Pittsburgh Courier
From: A Group of Negro
Soldiers
Complaint: Northern soldiers protesting long working
hours; discrimination in eating
051/2/34
1943 May 10
Unit: Air Base
Camp:
?
Location: Sioux Falls, Iowa
Sent to: Pittsburgh
Courier
From: A Soldier
Complaint: Suffering
indignities; no decent facilities; use of the word nigger; working in Labor
Battalion instead of attending technical school
051/2/35
1943 May 13
Unit: HDQ 5th Battalion STU
#1437
Camp: Camp Shelby
Location: Mississippi
Sent to: Truman
K. Gibson, Jr.
From: 2nd Lt. Loury G.
Wright
Complaint: Messing with enlisted men; inability to get public
transportation; inadequate latrine facilities; separated from other officers;
indoctrinated with the idea we have no command over them; enlisted
Colored trainees are used to clean up the quarters of the permanent enlisted
white men
051/2/36
1943 Jun 24
Unit: Air Corps
Camp: Keesler
Field
Location: Mississippi
Sent to: Carl
Murphy
From: A Black Second
Lieutenant
Complaint: Commentary on the philosophical nature of
discrimination and segregation in comparison to the ideals of democracy
051/2/37
1943 Jun 29
Unit: Company I, 469th Quartermaster
Truck Regiment
Camp: Camp Maxey, Texas
Location: Van
Buren, Arkansas
Sent to: Pittsburgh Courier
From: A
Negro Soldier
Complaint: Excessive and cruel military abuse
051/2/38
1943 Jul 12
Unit: Quartermaster Det.
#2
Camp: A.P.G. Aberdeen
Location: Maryland
Sent
to: Truman Gibson
From: Private Edward C. Green,
Jr.
Complaint: Inadequate medical treatment
051/2/39
1943 Jul 16
Unit: Medical Det. Bldg. 322:
Station Compliment
Camp: Camp Shelby
Location:
Mississippi
Sent to: Truman K. Gibson, Jr.
From: Private Jerry
M. Miller
Complaint: Suffering with debilitating ailment; severe
headaches; lack of adequate medicine to relieve pain; had to resort to
purchasing aspirins; mass beatings; afraid to report incidents of
maltreatment
051/2/40
1943 Jul 17
Unit: Medical Det. Station Hospital
Dayroom #3 Co. C
Camp: Camp Shelby
Location:
Mississippi
Sent to: Truman K. Gibson, Jr.
From:
Private Norman Brittingham
Complaint: Inadequate recreational
facilities; inadequate transportation; poor medical treatment; white enlisted
men and officers maltreatment
051/2/41
1943 Jul 21
Unit: (Headquarters Command
C.P.E.)
Camp: 226th Port Company
Location: Charleston,
South Carolina
Sent to: Atlanta Daily World
From:
Private Charlie Mabrey, Jr.
Complaint: Discrimination in public
transportation
051/2/42
1943 Jul 28
Unit: 1911th Quartermaster Section
S.C.U.
Camp: Camp Adair
Location: Oregon
Sent to:
Pittsburgh Courier
From: Cpl. William D.
Lee
Complaint: Inadequate recreational facilities; community opposition
to Negro soldiers; comparison of northern and southern discrimination
051/2/43
1943 Aug 23
Unit: 92nd Division, 370th
Infantry
Camp: Washington and Lee University
Location: Lexington,
Virginia
Sent to: Truman K. Gibson, Jr.
From: 1st Lt.
Edward T. Mayfield
Complaint: Negro officer to lecture on the
proper treatment of Negro soldiers
051/2/44
1943 Sep 1
Unit: Company A, 1313
R.G.S.
Camp: Camp
Claiborne
Location: Louisiana
Sent to: Mr.
Frazier
From: Raphal C. Barrow
Complaint: Refusal to discharge
soldier with one eye; abusive treatment to such extent that soldier is about to
crack
051/2/45
1943 Sep 27
Unit: ?
Camp: Camp Gordon
Johnston
Location: Florida
Sent to: Carl
Murphy
From: Negro Soldier
Complaint: Cleaning white
officerÆs rooms; cleaning latrines; barred from worshiping; barred from service
clubs; refused sitting privileges in the P.X.
051/2/46
1943 Oct 14
Unit: 1240th FF Platoon E.U.T.C. 7th
Provisional Training Regiment
Camp: Camp
Claiborne
Location: Louisiana
Sent to: Truman K.
Gibson
From: Private Edgar B. Holt
Complaint: Trained men relegated
to Labor Battalion; permanent KP, Supply and other details
051/2/47
1943 Oct 15
Unit: 388th Engineers G.S. Regiment
Engineering Unit Training Center
Camp: Camp
Sutton
Location: North Carolina
Sent to: Editor,
Pittsburgh Courier
From: Private Howard G.
Conley
Complaint: White officers spreading vicious rumors that the Negro
soldiers were no good; low morale; furloughs issued only to favorite Negroes
051/2/48
1943 Nov 1
Unit: Medical Department Station
Hospital
Camp: Camp Sutton
Location: North
Carolina
Sent to: Truman K. Gibson
From: Private Howard G.
Conley
Complaint: Extra tours of duty as punishment; use of mean
language
051/2/49
1943 Nov 4
Unit: 356th Aviation Squadron
S.P.A.A.T.
Camp: Air Corps
Location: Lubbock, Texas
Sent
to: Carl Murphy
From: Private Laurence W.
Harris
Complaint: Low personal morale: inadequate utilization for ten
months; airplane mechanics closed to Negro soldiers
051/2/50
1943 Nov 5
Unit: ?
Camp: ?
Location:
Alexandria, Louisiana
Sent to: Truman K. Gibson,
Jr.
From: ?
Complaint: Segregation in public places;
discrimination based on color; fighting for a mock democracy; message to Negro
people
051/2/51
1943 Nov 14
Unit: 1333rd General Service
Regiment
Camp: Camp Ellis,
Texas
Location: Illinois
Sent to: Pittsburgh
Courier
From: A Negro Soldier
Complaint: Disabled and
sick negro soldiers treated worse than Japs or German prisoners; disabled
soldiers given extra duty for being sick; Col. Butler very prejudiced; give
information to NAACP
051/2/52
1943 Nov 16
Unit: 3252nd Quartermaster Service
Company
Camp: Munich, Germany
Location: Europe
Sent
to: Pittsburgh Courier
From: Private John R.
Wright
Complaint: Ashamed of being American; cannot understand
white politician speaking against the Negro soldier
051/2/52
1943 Nov 21
Unit: Casual Battalion EUTC, Company
8
Camp: Camp Claiborne
Location: Louisiana
Sent
to: William G. Nunn, Pittsburgh Courier
From: Private
Marion Hill
Complaint: Discriminatory discharges; white soldiers get
Section 10 Discharges (A.C.D.D.) while black soldiers are given Section 8
Discharges
051/2/54
1943 Nov
22
Unit: 328th Aviation Squadron & 908th Quartermaster
Company
Camp: Pampa Army Air Field
Location: Pampa,
Texas
Sent to: Richmond Afro-American, NAACP, B.O. Davis,
War Department
From: 328th Aviation Squadron & 908th Quartermaster
Company
Complaint: Insufficient training; entertainment; KP duty;
recreation; abusive language; trained men; transportation; city police
attacks
051/2/55
1943 Nov 23
Unit: 92nd
Division
Camp: Fort Huachuca
Location:
Arizona
Sent to: C.A. Scott, General Manager Atlanta Daily
World
From: A Noncommissioned Negro Soldier
Complaint:
Insufficient training; low morale; inadequate promotion of trained Negro
officers; General DavisÆ white-washed reports
051/2/56
1943 Nov 24
Unit: ?
Camp: Camp
Hood
Location: Camp Hood, Texas
Sent to: Carl Murphy,
President Afro-American Newspapers, War Department
From:
Private John Rivers
Complaint: Mistreatment of blacks in stockade;
treatment worse than German prisoners
051/2/57
1943 Dec 1
Unit: Company F, 2nd
Battalion
Camp: Camp Hill
Location: Newport News,
Virginia
Sent to: Afro-American
From: Cpl. Russell L.
Banks
Complaint: Detailed to Burn City and Army Garbage;
insufficient dining and latrine facilities
051/2/58
1943 Dec 3
Unit: 1170th Training Group
Camp:
Keesler Field
Location: Mississippi
Sent to: Editor,
Call And Post
From: Private Edward N. Lyles
Complaint: Petty
maltreatment and personal brutality
051/2/59
1943 Dec 5
Unit: Company F, 6th Battalion Station
Hospital Ward 25
Camp: Jefferson Barracks
Location:New
Orleans, Louisiana
Sent to:Mrs. Mary McLeod
Bethune
From:Private Richmond Walker
Complaint: Bullet in spine;
broken ribs; broken left foot; low morale
051/2/60
1943 Dec 10
Unit: H & S Company, 95th
Engineering Regiment
Camp:?
Location: British
Isles
Sent to: Howard Murphy, Business Manager, Afro-American
Newspaper
From: Cpl. Jonathan Welch
Complaint: Low
Negro morale under white officers; lack of training in combat areas; limited
recreation and furloughs
051/2/61
1943 Dec 12
Unit:3935th Quartermaster Company
213th Quartermaster Battalion
Camp: Camp
Bowie
Location: Texas
Sent to: Truman K. Gibson
From: PFC
Robert E. Threet
Complaint: Qualified and trained soldiers forced to
linger and work in Labor Battalion
051/2/62
1943 Dec 14
Unit: 383rd Aviation Squadron
Camp:
A.A.B. Alamogordo
Location: Alamogordo, New Mexico
Sent to:
Pittsburgh Courier
From: Private John S.
Lyons
Complaint: Commanding officer throwing away a Colored SoldierÆs
discharge papers; treated with guardhouse brutality
051/2/63
1943 Dec 28
Unit: 92nd
Division
Camp: Fort Huachucas
Location: Arizona
Sent
to: (James) Sloan, Reporter, Afro- American
Newspaper
From: Negro Officer
Complaint: General
DavisÆ lack of objectivity; ill-prepared for combat; insufficient functioning of
white southern staff
051/3/64
1944 Jan 9
Unit:?
Camp: Camp
Gruber
Location: Oklahoma
Sent to: Chicago
Defender
From: A Negro Soldier
Complaint: Low morale;
officer support of white prisonerÆs brutality; lives threatened because of race
prejudice
051/3/65
1944 Jan 10
Unit: ?
Camp: Fort
Ord
Location: California
Sent to: Robert S. Abbott, Publisher,
Chicago Defender
From: A Negro
Soldier
Complaint: Crack combat unit being broken up and
transferred to Quartermaster Truck Companies
051/3/66
1944 Jan 12
Unit: 36th Regiment IARTC
Camp: Camp
Livingston
Location: Louisiana
Sent to: James
Evans
From: Private James
Pritchett
Complaint: Inadequate assignment: German prisoners
receive better treatment
051/3/67
1944 Feb 13
Unit: Company A 66th Med. Trg. Bn
MRTC
Camp: Camp Barkley
Location: Texas
Sent to: Truman
K. Gibson, Jr.
From: Private Bert B. Babero
Complaint: Post
discrimination; discrimination in transportation; living quarters in front of
cesspool; inadequate post facilities; company commander issuing discriminatory
orders
051/3/68
1944 Feb 18
Unit: Company B, 43rd Signal
Construction
Battalion
Camp: Crowder
Location: Mississippi
Sent
to: Carl Murphy
From: T/5 Samuel A.
Connor
Complaint: Trained Negro soldiers reduced to a
construction Battalion; living in a condensed area; better living conditions for
German prisoners
051/3/69
1944 Mar 8
Unit: Post Detachment
Camp: Camp
Davis
Location: North Carolina
Sent to: Truman K. Gibson,
Jr.
From: PFC Benjamin L. Lowry
Complaint: Negro soldiers
recommended for discharges shipped to various camps and forced to work, whites
had no problems
051/3/70
1944 Mar 13
Unit: Company C, Group 2, 1st
Reg.
Camp: Camp Reynolds
Location: Pennsylvania
Sent
to: Truman K. Gibson
From: Private Bert B.
Babero
Complaint: Leaving The South Was Like Coming Back to GodÆs
Country; segregation compared in North and South; support fighting segregation
on the homefront
051/3/71
1944 Mar 16
Unit: 1st Aviation
Squadron
Camp: Langley Field
Location:Virginia
Sent
to:Pittsburgh Courier
From: Private George R.
Gilbert
Complaint: Section 8 Discharge (Blue discharge)
051/3/72
1944 Apr 10
Unit: Company D, 47th Q.M.
Regt.
Camp: Bowie
Location: Texas
Sent
to: The Editor, Pittsburgh Courier
From: A
Private
Complaint: Discrimination in Army Training School
051/3/73
Apr 30
Unit: Dibble Gen. Hosp.
Camp: Menlo
Park
Location: California
Sent to: Pittsburgh
Courier
From: Private Roy W. Thompson
Complaint:
Subjected to profanity; forced to do detail in spite of sickness or
court-martialed; southern Negro soldiers afraid to talk; pass information on to
the NAACP and the War Department
051/3/74
1944 May 5
Unit: Station Hospital Ward
F-4
Camp: Fort Leonard
Wood
Location: Missouri
Sent to: Truman K. Gibson,
Jr.
From: Private DeLeon J. Wood
Complaint: Inadequate
medical attention
051/3/75
1944 May 8
Unit: Woodrow Wilson General
Hospital
Camp: Staunton
Location: Virginia
Sent
to: The Editor, Pittsburgh Courier
From: S/Sgt. B.E.
Dixon
Complaint: Racial epithets; inadequate transportation;
inadequate counciling (sic)
051/3/76
1944 May 9
Unit: Section C 33rd Army Air Force Base
Unit (CCTS (H))
Camp: Davis - Monthan Field
Location: Tucson,
Arizona
Sent to: President Franklin Delano
Roosevelt
From: Private Charles F. Wilson
Complaint:
Inadequate opportunities; assigning Negroes to the lowest type of work; Negro
facilities covered with black tar paper; white facilities are painted
white; Negro combat units broken up and transferred to Service Units; request
for Executive Order to end segregation and discrimination
051/3/77
1944 May 28
Unit: Co. B.B.K.
10
Camp: Fort Harrison
Location: Indianapolis,
Indiana
Sent to: Pittsburgh Courier
From: Private
Y.Z. Perry
Complaint: Ruptured; heart murmur; long months of
suffering; separated from white disabled soldiers
051/3/78
1944 Jun 2
Unit:?
Camp:?
Location: California Maneuver
Area
Sent to: Adam Clayton Powell, Jr.
From: A Negro
Soldier
Complaint: Disrespecting a Negro officer; unusual sentencing for
minor offenses; racial slurs
051/3/79
1944 Jun 5
Unit: 3381st Quartermaster Truck
Company
Camp: ?
Location: Seattle, Washington
Sent
to: Truman K. Gibson, Jr.
From: T/5 Albert S.
Wilkerson
Complaint: Disabled Negro soldier forced to work or be
court-marshaled
051/3/80
1944 Jun 14
Unit: 339th Aviation
Squadron
Camp: Columbia Air Base
Location:Columbia, South
Carolina
Sent to: Truman K. Gibson, Jr.
From: Private James A.
Munson
Complaint: Bleeding from the penis; no control of urine;
put in crazy ward; inadequate treatment
051/3/81
1944 Jun 15
Unit: 654th Quartermaster General Supply
Company
Camp: Camp Livingston - Camp Stockade
Location:
Louisiana
Sent to: Truman K. Gibson, Jr.
From: Private Irwin
C. Conley
Complaint: Punished because Negro soldiers unable to
perform duties; inadequate medical attention; court-marshaled and put in
stockade; put in solitary
confinement; low moral
051/3/82
1944 Jun 20
Unit: Ward 22A Kennedy General
Hospital
Camp: Kennedy General
Hospital
Location: Memphis, Tennessee
Sent to: P.L. Prattis,
Executive Editor, Pittsburgh Courier
From: Sgt. Ben Kiser,
Jr.
Complaint: Separated in Mess Hall in spite of Army directive
banning discrimination and segregation in Army camps and hospitals
051/3/83
1944 Jun 22
Unit: ?
Camp: Myles
Standish
Location: Massachusetts
Sent to: Editor,
Chicago Defender
From: A White
Soldier
Complaint: Italian prisoners treated better than Negro
soldiers; Company Commander accused of being racist; low morale; white soldier
complaining of
discrimination
051/3/84
1944 Jul 8
Unit: 4295th QM Gasoline Supply
Company
Camp: Camp
Breckinridge
Location: Kentucky
Sent to: Carl
Murphy
From: T/5 Clarence E. Adams
Complaint:
Discrimination against black literature
051/3/85
1944 Jul 8
Unit: WAC Detachment Section 2
Camp:
Camp Forrest
Location: Tennessee
Sent to: Mr. P.L.
Parttis, Executive Editor, Pittsburgh
Courier
From: Rollins W. James, Jr.
Complaint: Negro
WAC being humiliated and attacked by white soldiers; Negro girls punished for
reporting incidents to NAACP
051/3/86
1944 Jul 13
Unit: 214th Aviation
Section
Camp: Peterson Air Field
Location: Colorado Springs,
Colorado
Sent to: The Editor, Pittsburgh
Courier
From: A Negro Soldier
Complaint:
Direct violation of Army regulations to work enlisted men in officers
quarters or mess without pay
051/3/87
1944 Jul 25
Unit: 268th Battalion Aviation Section
B
Camp: Peterson Field
Location: Colorado Springs, Colorado
Sent
to: Pittsburgh Courier
From: An Enlisted
Man
Complaint: Unbearable conditions and treatment from white officers;
inadequate recreational facilities
051/3/88
1944 Aug 10
Unit: ?
Camp: Daniel
Field
Location: Augusta, Georgia
Sent to: Mr. Carter Wesley,
Editor, Houston Informer
From: S/Sgt. John M. Walls,
Jr.
Complaint: Used as a guinea pig; hospital infirmary
051/3/89
1944 Aug 13
Unit: 652nd Ord. Am.
Company
Camp: Camp Howze
Location: Texas
Sent
to: Truman K. Gibson, Jr.
From: Private E.L.
Reynolds
Complaint: Post Commander barred the Pittsburgh
Courier from the Army Post; writing for the regulations to clarify the
problem
051/3/90
1944 Aug 16
Unit: 1331st Engineer General Services
Regiment
Camp: Camp
Claiborne
Location: Louisiana
Sent
to: Editor, Cleveland Call & Post
From: A
Disgusted Negro Trooper
Complaint: Low morale; camp surrounded by
Louisiana Hoogies with weapons; two white women allegedly raped on camp grounds;
camp controlled by State of Louisiana and white civilians; Northern boy living
in hell
051/3/91
1944 Aug 23
Unit: 3028th Army Air Force
B.U.
Camp: Luke Field
Location: Arizona
Sent
to: Congressman William L. Dawson
From: A Fellow
American and Friend
Complaint: Section 8 Discharge unfairly
issued to Negro soldiers
051/3/92
1944 Aug 23
Unit: Army Medical Center, Walter Reed
General Hospital
Location: Washington, DC
Sent to: Honorable
William L. Dawson
From: A Soldier at Walter Reed General
Hospital
Complaint: Major Tunick informed Negro soldier that
none of them would be selected to participate in Advanced Medical and Surgical
Technicians; one Negro
out of thirty-eight failed
051/3/93
1944 Aug 25
Unit: 28th Charlie Co. (Dacon)
CWS
Camp: APO #928 C/O Postmaster, San
Francisco
Location: California Base #A4
Sent to:
Pittsburgh Courier
From: Private Prescott J.
Sunday
Complaint: Low morale; unsuccessful attempt to get back to the
States
051/3/94
1944 Aug 26
Unit: Co. A 371st Inf. APO
92
Camp: Fort Huachuca
Location: Arizona
Sent
to: Army & Navy Screen Magazine
From: Cpl. J.H.
Becton
Complaint: Discrimination in propaganda film of the military
051/3/95
1944 Sep 12
Unit: 1693rd Combat
Engineers
Camp: Camp Rucker
Location: Alabama
Sent to:
Pittsburgh Courier
From: Latrophe F.
Jenkins
Complaint: Urgent plea for help and relief from the
throes of oppression; disillusioned Negro soldiers
051/3/96
1944 Nov 29
Unit: ?
Camp: Napier
Field
Location:Dothan, Alabama
Sent to: Pittsburgh
Courier
From: Sgt. Jesse L.
Wilkins
Complaint: Inadequate seating for Negroes because of 5
seat quota per night for 270 personnel; low morale
051/3/97
1944 Dec 10
Unit: Company B, 1st Battalion
Camp: Camp
India
Location: India
Sent to: Carl Murphy, President
Afro- American Newspapers
From: Negro Troops in
India
Complaint: Colored troops segregated despite shows given for
Indians, Chinese, Americans, British
051/3/98
1944 Dec 14
Unit: 3499th QM Truck
Co.
Camp: Camp Butner
Location: North
Carolina
Sent to: ?
From: Cpl. Marshall C.
Brown
Complaint: Hospital discrimination
051/3/99
1944 Dec 25
Unit: ?
Camp: Camp
Gordon
Location: Georgia
Sent to: New
Republic
From: Sergeant
Complaint: Discrimination in
transportation
051/4/100
1945 Jan 14
Unit: Hdgt. 36th Regt.
IARTC
Camp: Camp
Livingston
Location: Louisiana
Sent to: James C.
Evans
From: Private James Pritchett
Complaint: Inadequate
background; performing slave labor; city and police brutality; terrible race
relations
051/4/101
1945 Feb 5
Unit: 3159th Quartermaster Service
Company D
Camp: Camp George Gordon
Location: Seattle,
Washington
Sent to: Pittsburgh Courier
From: A
negro Soldier
Complaint: Inadequate heating materials while white
soldiers are furnished coal; punished for reporting to sick call; Negro chaplain
afraid of white officers
051/4/102
1945 Mar 19
Unit: ?
Camp: La Junta Army
Air Field
Location: Colorado
Sent
to: NAACP
From: Negro Soldiers
Complaint:
Discrimination in Camp Theatre
051/4/103
1945 Jul 27
Unit: 93rd Infantry
Division
Camp: ?
Location: Europe
Sent to: P.B.
Young, Publisher Norfolk Journal & Guide
From: The
Officers of the 93rd Infantry Division
Complaint: Deliberate effort to
depress, discredit and criticize the Negro officer; direct disregard for the
ability of Negro medical and dental officers; white wash-outs from white
organizations; low morale
051/4/104
1945 Aug 18
Unit: ?
Camp: MacDill
Field
Location: Florida
Sent to: Pittsburgh
Courier
From: James A. Harrington
Complaint: Accused
of molesting a white woman and using profanity
051/4/105
1945 Sep 4
Unit: ?
Camp: US Soldiers
Home
Location: Washington, DC
Sent to: President
(Franklin Delano Roosevelt)
From: Presly Holliday, Q.M. Sgt, Q.M.
Corps, Retired
Complaint: Request president issue an Executive
Order to integrate Negroes in all branches of the military, reserves, and
auxiliary forces
051/4/106
1945 Oct 25
Unit: 207th A.A.A.A.W.
Battalion
Camp: Army Hospital
Location: Kentucky
Sent to: W.I. Gibson, Editor Afro-American Newspaper
Chain
From: Pfc Lloyd Lythcott
Complaint: Shock
treatment; maltreatment while unconscious; refused to continue mustering
out pay
051/4/107
1946 Feb 26
Unit: 3478th QM Trucking Co.
Camp:
?
Location: Salzburg, Austria
Sent to: My Dear
Sir
From: Private Eddie Thomas
Complaint: Inadequate
entertainment facilities
051/4/108
1946 May 15
Unit: U.S.D.B.
Camp: Fort
Benjamin Harrison
Location: Indiana
Sent to: Pittsburgh
Courier
From: Negro Soldiers
Complaint: White
soldiers being warned against Negro soldiers because they were assumed to be
integrators and rioters; pleading for fair justice; the black press last hope;
names withheld because of reprisals
051/4/109
1946 Nov 12
Unit: Task Force Frost, 359
Transportation Corps
Camp: Camp McCoy
Location: Wisconsin
Sent
to: Col. Marcus Ray
From: Maj. Samuel L.
Ransom
Complaint: Low morale; inadequate entertainment; subject
to racial epithets; abusive language
INDEX
This index is arranged alphabetically, word by word. Numerals identifying military divisions are alphabetized according to their word equivalents. Military divisions with numbers under ten are listed under their word equivalents, e.g., 2nd Division would be listed as Second Division. All Military ranks have been abbreviated. All entry numbers correspond to file numbers.
A.A.B. Alamogordo, New Mexico, 62B.B.K. 10 Company, 77
Babero,
Private Bert B., 67, 70
Banks, Cpl. Russell L., 57
Barrow,
Private Raphal C., 44
California, 18, 65, 73,
93
California Base #A4, 93
Daniel Field, Georgia, 88
Davis, Col. Benjamin O.,
54
1170th Training Group, 58
Engineer and Quartermaster Corps, 31 Ester, Sgt. Nathaniel, 15 Europe, 52, 103 Evans, James, 66, 100Fifth Battalion STU #1437, 35
First Aviation Squadron, 71 First Battalion, Company B, 97 First Regiment, Company C, Group 2, 70 Florida, 45, 104 Fort Bragg, North Carolina, 25 Fort Clark, Texas, 31, 32 Fort (Benjamin) Harrison, Indiana, 77, 108 Fort Huachuca, Arizona 7, 55, 63, 94 Fort Logan, Colorado, 33 Fort Ord, California, 18, 65 Fort (Leonard) Wood, Missouri, 3, 74 41st Engineers, 25 47th Quartermaster Regiment, Company D, 72 43rd Signal Construction Battalion, Company B, 68 4295th Quartermaster Gasoline Supply Company, 84 469th Quartermaster Truck Regiment, Company I,14, 37 Fourth Aviation Squadron (SEP), 1 Franks, Private Robert, 7 Frazier, Mr., 44Georgia, 88, 99
Germany, 52 Gibbson, Private Claudie L. 5, 10 Gibson, Truman K., Jr., 35, 38, 39, 40, 43, 46, 48, 50, 61, 67, 69, 70, 74, 79, 80, 81, 89 Gibson, W.I., 106 Gilbert, Private George R., 71 Green, Private Edward C., 38Harrington, James A., 104
Harris, Private Laurence W., 49 Hastie, William H. 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 16, 18, 20 Hermitt, Private Roy, 8 Hill, Private Jus, 17 Hill, Private Marion, 53 Hills, Private Robert, 12 Holliday, Sgt. Presly (Retired), 105 Holt, Pfc. Edgar B., 46 Housen, Private Jack, 18 Houston Informer, 88 Illinois, 51 India, 97 Indiana, 77, 108 Iowa, 34Jackson Air Base, Mississippi, 16
James, Private Emory A., 18 James, Rollins W. Jr., 85 Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, 59 Jenkins, Latrophe F., 95 Johnson, Private Rufus R., 18Keesler Field, Mississippi, 36, 38
Kennedy General Hospital, 82 Kentucky, 84, 106 Kiser, Sgt. Ben, Jr., 82La Junta Army Air Field, Colorado,102
Langley Field, Virginia, 71 Lee, Cpl. William D., 42 Louisiana, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 26, 44, 46, 50, 53, 59, 66, 74, 81, 90, 100 Lowry, Pfc. Benjamin L., 69 Luke Field, Arizona, 91 Lyles, Private Edward N., 58 Lyons, Private John S., 62 Lythcott, Pfc. Lloyd, 106Mabrey, Pfc. Charlie, Jr., 41
MacDill Field, Florida, 104 Maryland, 38 Massachusetts, 83 Maxwell Field, Alabama, 2, 20 Mayfield, 1st Lt. Edward T., 43 Medical Department Station Hospital, 48 Medical Det. (Bldg. 322) Station Hospital, 39 Medical Det. Station Hospital: Dayroom #3 Co. C, 40 Miller, Private Jerry M., 39 Mississippi, 16, 35, 36, 39, 40, 58, 68 Missouri, 3, 74 Munson, Private James A., 80 Murphy, Carl, 19, 25, 27, 29, 30, 36, 45, 49, 56, 68, 84, 97 Murphy, Howard, 60NAACP, 54, 73, 102
Napier Field, Alabama, 96 New Mexico, 62 New Republic, 99 908th Quartermaster Company, 54 1911th Quartermaster Section S.C.U., 42 938th Quartermaster Platoon, 33 95th Engineering Regiment, H&S Company, 60 92nd Division, 28, 55, 63 92nd Division, 370th Infantry, 43 93rd Infantry Division, 103 Norfolk Journal And Guide, 103 North Carolina, 23, 25, 47, 48, 69, 98 Nunn, William G., 53Oklahoma, 64
Oregon, 42Pampa Army Air Field, Texas, 54
Pennsylvania, 70 Perry, Private Y.Z., 77 Peterson Air Field, Colorado, 86, 87 Philadelphia Afro-American, 31 Pittsburgh Courier, 1, 2, 5, 10, 14, 17, 22, 23, 26, 33, 34, 37, 42, 47, 51, 52, 53, 62, 71, 72, 73, 75, 77, 82, 85, 86, 89, 93, 95, 96, 101, 104, 108 Powell, Adam Clayton, Jr., 28, 78 Prattis, P.L., 82, 85 Pritchett, Private James, 66, 100Quartermaster Det. #2, 38
Randolph Field, Texas, 17
Ransom, Maj. Samuel L., 109 Ray, Cpl. Marcus, 109 Reynolds, Private E.L., 89 Richmond Afro-American, 54 Rivers, Private John, 56 Roosevelt, Eleanor, 21 Roosevelt, President Franklin Delano, 76, 105St. Juliens Creek, Portsmouth, Virginia, 27
Scott, C.A., 55 Second Battalion, Company F, 57 Second Cavalry Division, Medical Detachment, Division Artillery, 32 Selective Service Board #15 (Houston, Texas), 11 Seventh Group of the Engineer Replacement Training Center, 3 Seventh Provisional Training Regiment, 1240th FF Platoon EUTC, 46 78th/Aviation Squadron, 17 654th Quartermaster General Supply Company, 81 652 Ord. Am. Company, 89 1693rd Combat Engineers, 95 Sixth Battalion Station Hospital, Ward 25, Company F, 59 60th/Ord. Company, 8 66th Med. Trg. Bn. MRTC, Company A, 67 Sloan, James, 63 Smith, Pfc. Jasper, 14 South Carolina, 41, 80 Station Hospital Ward F-4, 74 Sunday, Private Prescott J., 93Tennessee, 82, 85
Texas, 1, 11, 14, 17, 21, 22, 29, 30, 31, 32, 49, 51, 54, 56, 61, 67, 72, 891313th R.G.S., Company A, 44
1331st Engineer General Services Regiment, 90 1333rd General Services Regiment, 51 3591st Transportation Corp, Task Force Frost, 109 3499th QM Truck Co., 98 3478 QM Trucking Co., 107 3475th Quartermaster Truck Company,18 34th Quartermaster Regiment, Company F, 16 3935th Quartermaster Company, 61 3159th Quartermaster Service Company D, 101 36th Regiment IARTC, 66, 100 33rd Army Air Force Vase Unit (CCTS(H)), 76 3381st Quartermaster Truck Company, 79 3028th Army Air Force B.U., 91 3252nd Quartermaster Service Company, 52 Thomas, Private Eddie, 107 Thompson, PFC. Roy W., 73 388th Engineers G.S. Regiment Engineering Unit Training Center, 47 356th Aviation Squadron S.P.A.A.T., 49 353rd F.A.T. E Brty, 6, 13 393rd Aviation Squadron, 62 371st Inf., Company A APO, 92, 94 374th Engineer Battalion, 21 364th Engineers Regiment Company B, 26 339th Aviation Squadron, 80 328th Aviation Squadron, 54Threet, Private Robert E., 61
28th Charlie Co. (Dacon) CWS, 93 25th Infantry, Company E, 1 25th Infantry, Company H, 7 24th Chemical Decon Company, 23 240th Medical Detachment, 12 240th Quartermaster Battalion, Company B, 4, 5, 9, 10 214th Aviation Section, 86 207th AAAAW Battalion, 106 268th Battalion Aviation Section B, 87 213th Quartermaster Battalion, 61 226th Port Company, 41USDB, 108
U.S. Soldiers Home,
Washington, DC,105
Virginia, 19, 27, 43, 57, 71, 75
WAC Detachment Section 2, 85
Walker, Private Richmond, 59 Walls, S/Sgt. John M., Jr., 88 Walter Reed General Hospital, 92 War Department, 54, 56, 73 Washington, 79, 101 Washington, DC, 92, 105 Washington and Lee University, 43 Welch, Cpl. Jonathan, 60 Wesley, Mr. Carter, 88 Wilkerson, T/5 Albert S., 79 Wilkins, Sgt. Jesse L., 96 Williams, Cpl. Daniell E., 14 Wilson, Private Charles F., 76 Wilson, S/Sgt. Sterle, 14 Wisconsin, 109 Wood, Private DeLeon J., 74 Woodrow Wilson General Hospital, 75 Wright, Private John R., 52 Wright, 2Lt. Loury G., 35Young, P.B.,103
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